The Vietnam Conflict, popularly known as the Vietnam War (also known as the Second Indochina War and colloquially as Vietnam or Nam as well as the American War or Kháng chiến chống Mỹ, the Resistance War Against America by the Vietnamese Communists in Vietnam) was a conflict in which the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN, or North Vietnam) and its allies fought against the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, or South Vietnam) and its allies.
Many consider the Vietnam conflict a "proxy war", one of several that occurred during the Cold War between the United States and its Western allies on the one hand, and the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China on the other (other such wars took place in Korea and Angola.) Proxy wars occurred because the major players -- in particular the United States and the Soviet Union -- had a policy of mutually assured destruction ("M.A.D.") in which a nuclear strike against one country would result in total nuclear annhilation of the opposing country. Because the "superpowers" could not afford to fight each other directly, they did so indirectly through proxy wars in which they sought to extend their influence throughout the world.
North Vietnam's allies included the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. South Vietnam's main allies included the United States and South Korea; South Vietnam's allies deployed large numbers of troops. US combat troops were involved from 1959, but not in large numbers until 1965. They left the country in 1973. A large number of civilian casualties resulted from the war, which ended on April 30, 1975 with the capitulation of South Vietnam.
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Vietnam War :: Wars and Conflicts

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