A map is a simplified depiction of a space, a navigational aid which highlights relations between objects within that space. Most usually a map is a two-dimensional, geometrically accurate representation of a three-dimensional space. The science and art of map-making is cartography; see that page for further discussion of the history of maps and map-making.
Map-making dates back to the Stone Age and appears to predate written language by several millennia. One of the oldest surviving maps is painted on a wall of the Catal Huyuk settlement in south-central Anatolia (now Turkey); it dates from about 6200 BC.
While we tend to think of maps today as products of a rationalistic, scientific world-view, maps also have a mythic quality. Pre-modern maps, and mapping traditions outside the Western tradition, often merge geography with non-scientific cosmography, showing the relationship of the viewer to the universe. Medieval "T-O" maps, for example, show Jerusalem at the centre of the world, and in some cases related the "body" of the Earth to the body of Christ. By contrast, navigational (or "Portolan") charts of the Mediterranean from the same period are remarkably accurate. Even today, maps can be powerful rhetorical tools beyond their purely practical value, and this has been the source of much fruitful map criticism over the last twenty years, notably in the works of J.B. Harley, Mark Monmonier, and Denis Wood.
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Backpack 45 - Home of Shepherd Canyon Books. Focuses on backpacking, Camino de Santiago, John Muir Trail and women's adventures. Includes catalog and order information.
Meta Description: [ Backpack45 Home page for hikers of the John Muir Trail and Camino de Santiago, an emphasis on long distance walking, particularly for older women, also backpacking books by Shepherd Canyon Books ]
Books About trails on Vancouver Island, B.C., Canada - Three books prepared and updated periodically by a non-profit society dedicated to providing information to the public about parks and trails on Vancouver Island.
Meta Description: [ Vancouver Islands best source for Trail Information. keywords: hiking books, vancouver island, trails, trail information, trails society, british columbia, strathcona park, outdoors walking, recreation, quide books, maps, hiking, biking. ]
Bored Feet Press - Publisher and distributor of California hiking guides
Day Trips with a Splash: Swimming Across America - Site provides photos and maps (some free, some require membership) from a series of published guides to secluded waterfalls, hidden pools remote two-person tubs. Graphics-heavy.
Meta Description: [ Swimming Holes from Washington state to Baja California, Maine to Pensicola. Photos, maps, GPS waypoints and more. ]
Explore Interactive - Multimedia walking guides - Produces interactive multimedia walking guides on CDs for popular destinations, including Tenerife and Mallorca. Guides include videos, photographs, slide shows, printable maps and walking descriptions. Includes titles and order information. [English and Norwegian]
Meta Description: [ Walking Guides for Mallorca, Tenerife, Madeira, Gran Canaria and other destinations - Interaktive fottur guider for Mallorca, Tenerife, Madeira,Gran Canaria og andre reisemål - Wanderfuhrer fur Mallorca, Teneriffa, Madeira,
Gran Canaria und andere reiseziele ]
Grey Stone Books Catalogue - Catalogue of books with a selection of Great Britain's walks and hikes to download
Meta Description: [ Grey Stone Books, mountains, walking, travel, hills, John Gillham, Irvine Butterfield, Ronald Turnbull, Jon Sparks, Snowdonia to the Gower, Lakeland to Lindisfarne, Across Scotland, fellrunning, walking guides, Car-Free Cumbria, Jon Sparks, writer, author ]
Griffith Park Trail Maps - Includes scans of topographic maps of park located in Hollywood, California.
Meta Description: [ Griffith Park Trail Maps ]
Guidebooks on Waterfalls in the US - The site for waterfall guide books on the Southeast US. New trails and updates plus photographs.
Highpoint Adventures - Explore travel, hiking, and climbing adventures in the great outdoors, including visiting the highest elevation of every state. Includes book catalog and order information.
Meta Description: [ What is a Highpoint for you? It can be literally the highest
spot around, or a subjective high point of a great hike, rock climb, scenic area, or fun adventure.
Here we share some of our favorite Highpoints and Adventures. ]
Hiking Books from Robert Wood - The prepared backpacker doesn't leave home with out a copy of The 2 oz. Backpacker or with out first reading Pleasure Packing. Find out why! Also, discover the fun of day hiking.
Meta Description: [ Do you want to die when you choose and with dignity? Have more fun and success while you're still living? Then read books for a better life by Robert S. Wood. ]
Howardian Hills - Series of pocket sized books written by Geoff Brooks. Describes walks in the Howardian Hills, North Yorkshire, England. Includes order information.
Juan de Fuca Marine Trail Guidebook - Includes a colour contour trail map, photos, tide guide information, and FAQs.
Meta Description: [ Juan de Fuca Marine Trail - Photos, Guidebook, Trail Map, Guided Day-Hikes, Links & more . . . ]
Morgan-Monroe State Forest (Indiana) Hiking Trail Map - Features scanned image. Topographic map includes elevation contours.
Mount Whitney In One Day - Book written by a Mt. Whitney veteran hiker who made her first summit at the age of 49.
MountainPeaks.net - Generates an html page showing a 360 degree view of all mountain peaks from any location (currently North America only). Enter latitude/longitude or zip code to view mountain peaks and summits.
Meta Description: [ generates a html page showing a 360 degree view of all mountain peaks from any location ( currently North America Only). Click on any mountain peaks on the screen and see the name, latitude, longitude, distance and elevation as seen from your location ]
Mt Rainier Maps and Guides - Sells maps and climbing guides for Mount Rainier, Washington used for hiking and mountaineering. Includes FAQs.
Meta Description: [ Mt Rainier Maps is the source for the most distinctive, accurate, and beautiful maps and climbing guides to Washington state's Mount Rainier. ]
Regional Hiking Guides from Falcon Publishing - Falcon Publishing offers hiking titles to every region of the country. Our hiking guides cover states, national parks, USDA Forest Service wilderness areas, and other pristine areas in the United States.
The Mountaineers Books - Publisher of guidebooks and adventure narratives on outdoor recreation, including mountaineering, hiking, trekking and paddling. Includes online catalog and order information.
Trail Books for Finger Lakes, NY Area - Guide books for the Finger Lakes (NY), and Rochester, NY area. Our books also cover backpacking on the Bruce Trail, Ont, CAN.
Meta Description: [ Hiking and biking trail guide books for the Finger Lakes, Rochester, NY and New York State. Our books also cover backpacking on the Bruce Trail, Ont. CAN. ]
Trailblazer Books - Your independent guide to the tracks, paths and byways of the North of England. Trailblazer has been researching, writing, printing and selling quality books since 1993.
Meta Description: [ Trailblazer books is your independant guide to the tracks, paths and byways of the North of England. Trailblazer has been researching, writing, printing and selling quality books since 1993. ]
Trailblazer Travel Books - For adventure travelers seeking hiking and biking trails from Tahoe to Yosemite, from San Francisco to Marin, and on Kauai, Maui, and the big island of Hawaii. Includes reviews, photos and order information.
Meta Description: [ Trailblazertravelbooks: Taking adventure travelers to the heart and soul of their destination, be it Kauai, Maui, Hawaii, Oahu, the San Francisco Bay Area, or the Alpine Sierra from Yosemite to Lake Tahoe. ]
Virtual Walker - Comprehensive walking guides and photographs in the UK. Glorious full colour detailed photographs, comprehensive guides and resources for many walks in the UK including the Lake District, Lancashire, Yorkshire Dales, Derbyshire Peak District, Scotland and Wales.
Walking Books - Supplies books, guides and maps on Britain's scenic walks, treks and trails. Includes catalog and order information.
Meta Description: [ Walking Books - the UK's top producer of books for adults and children on scenic walks, treks and trails in Britain ]
West Wales Mountain Biking Guide - Travel information designed for adventurers on a limited budget
Meta Description: [ Mountain Biking,Walking,Trekking, Adventure Holidays on a budget ]
Wilderness Press - Publishes more than 200 outdoor books and maps offering information on national parks and outdoor activities.
Meta Description: [ Wilderness Press, Publishing the most accurate, reliable wilderness books and maps for 30 years!, hiking, backpacking, outdoor books, camping, kayaking/canoeing/paddling, mountain biking, skiing/cross-country/snowshoeing, fishing/angling, national parks, Yosemite, Tahoe, Sierra Nevada, Hawaii, Ba... ]
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