A Spaniel is a group of gun dog breeds. Spaniels are generally smaller dogs with longer coats and drop ears whose job is to assist with bird hunting. Spaniels have the primary purposes of flushing game from dense undergrowth and retrieving game after it has been shot. Different breeds reflect different emphasis on the dogs' uses. At one time, spaniels were subdivided into Land, Field, and Water spaniels, according to the terrain in which they worked best.
There has been so much interbreeding of various gun dogs over the centuries to achieve additional breeds for new subniches that it is sometimes difficult to determine whether a breed is a spaniel, a retriever, both or neither.
Not much has changed about spaniels in general over the years, as can be seen in this 1921 entry in Collier's New Encyclopedia:

American Spaniel Club - Excellent Cocker resource from the parent club of the American Cocker Spaniel.
Meta Description: [
This site is the home for the American Spaniel Club, the parent club of the Cocker Spaniel.
]
AKC Breed Standard - The official breed standard from the American Kennel Club.
American Cocker Spaniel Club Of Great Britain - Includes show results, photos, details of available litters, health information and new Top Dog of the Year Competition.
Meta Description: [ Official site for the American Cocker Spaniel of Great Britain Club. Includes show results, photos, details of available litters, health information and new Top Dog of the Year Competition. ]
Capital City Cocker Club - A Washington DC club dedicated to the Cocker Spaniel.
Meta Description: [ Washington DC area club for people interested in the Cocker Spaniel ]
Cocker Spaniel Club of Orange County California - CSCOC is a non-profit organization dedicated to the perpetuation and betterment of the Cocker Spaniel breed.
Cocker Spaniel Specialty Club of Georgia - Open to owners, breeders and friends, with meetings held monthly when possible at local shows.
Cockers Mailing List - Pictures, information about care, poems, memorial page, mailing list sign up, chat room, and links.
Cockers.Com - Kennel and handler listings, stud dogs, and classified ads.
Meta Description: [ Our site is dedicated to the American Cocker Spaniel. We have kennel and handler listings, stud dogs, and classified ads. ]
Council of Docked Breeds - Information about tail docking and why it is important in breeds such as the Cocker Spaniel.
Meta Description: [ The Council of Docked Breeds (CDB) campaigns to protect the freedom to choose the tail docking option. ]
Deerhill Cockers - Very informative site featuring Cocker Spaniel 101... the basics you need to know about the breed. Not breeders, the Deerhill gang are active in obedience, tracking, and rescue.
Grooming Smarter - Practical advice on how to properly groom a Cocker Spaniel. Geared towards show dogs, pet owners may also find this helpful.
Information - An introduction to the breed, with links to rescue organizations and a small number of breeders.
Meta Description: [ General resource of breeders, rescues, and clubs, including a selection of Cocker Spaniel pictures and informational links. ]
Merle Cockers - Information about one of the most unusual coat patterns found in Cocker Spaniels, and why you have to know what you're doing before breeding Merle Cocker Spaniels.
MSN Cocker Spaniel community - Microsoft Network community for the discussion of Cocker Spaniels by those who love these adorable creatures. Features a message board, chat room, and photo album.
Meta Description: [ This community is the discussion of Cocker Spaniels and those who love these adorable creatures. ]
My Cocker Spaniel - Features a message board for Cocker enthusiasts, short videos of Cockers at play, and information about Cocker issues.
Meta Description: [ Find cocker spaniel information, news, and media. Participate in contests, exchange messages with cocker spaniel enthusiasts. ]
Sables Are Cockers Too - Promoting sable-colored American Cocker Spaniels with an email list and lots of pictures. Also features information concerning the struggle for acceptance of Sable colored Cockers in the show ring.
Meta Description: [ This web site and accompanying list are for the promotion of the sable color in American Cocker Spaniels ]
The Cocker Spaniel Information Pages - Extensive information for Cocker breeders including coat color genetics, Cocker health issues, and training.
Meta Description: [ The Most Informative Cocker Spaniel Site on the Web ]
The Cocker Spaniel Pages - Information on Cocker Spaniels, their care, rescue, wellbeing, and health.
Meta Description: [ information on Cocker Spaniels, their care, rescue,
wellbeing, and health. ]
The Cocker Spaniel Web Ring - Links to Cocker Spaniel web sites all over the world.
Meta Description: [ Ring for webpages relating to American and English Cocker Spaniels. Includes cocker rescue sites, grooming tip sites, and personal pages dedicated to the breed. Show dogs, dog sports, field, hunting d ]
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