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Amphibians (class Amphibia) are a taxon of animals that include all tetrapods, four-legged vertebrates, that do not have amniotic eggs.(from Greek αμφις "both" and βιος "life") are ectotherms, and generally spend part of their time on land, but most do not have the adaptations to an entirely terrestrial existence found in most other modern tetrapods (amniotes). There are around 6,000 described, living species of amphibians. The study of amphibians and reptiles is known as herpetology.
History of amphibians
Amphibians developed with the characteristics of pharyngeal slits/gills, a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, and a post-anal tail at different stages of their life. Though early tetrapods (which appeared 390 million years ago in the Devonian period) are often referred to as "amphibians", the first true amphibians (of the order Temnospondyli) appeared during the early Carboniferous period. During the late Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic periods, amphibians were extremely diverse, including many large and small forms, some newt and salamander-like, others resembling snakes or eels, and some large-snouted forms that were very like small (about 1.5 meter long) crocodiles (e.g. Archegosaurus). The drying out of the coal swamps during the latest Carboniferous and again at the end of the Early Permian diminished many of the environments of these Paleozoic amphibians, with the result that many types died out, and they were supplanted by reptiles. However both large and small amphibians still continued to flourish in rivers and lakes of the Late Permian, alongside the diverse therapsids or mammal-like reptiles that were the dominant land animals of that time. During the following, Triassic period, there were many genera with large, sometimes very flattened heads and very weak limbs; some of these, like Paracyclotosaurus, Cyclotosaurus and Mastodonsaurus were several meters in length. Apart from a few stragglers, all these large amphibians died out at the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event, and the majority of Jurassic amphibians belonged to modern groups, and would look familiar today.
Throughout their history, amphibians have ranged in size from large forms, such as the above mentioned Triassic genera, the 5 foot (150cm) long Eryops of the Permian period, and the Giant Japanese and Chinese Salamanders of today, down to the tiny Brachycephalus didactylus (Brazilian Gold Frog) and Eleutherodactylus iberia (leptodactylid frog) from Cuba, with a total length of 9.6-9.8 millimeters (0.4 inches). Amphibians have mastered almost every climate on earth from the hottest deserts to the frozen arctic.
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Reptiles and Amphibians :: Pets
Issues :: Exotic
Herpetology :: Chordates
Poll: Americans consider pets family
Tue, 23 Jun 2009 14:50:16 -0000
Susan Jacobs and her companion Kingston both like chicken and collards, chilling on the couch and riding in her convertible with the breeze tussling his curly black hair.
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Mon, 22 Jun 2009 13:29:30 -0000
Dogs are being trained in Britain as potential life-savers to warn diabetic owners when their blood sugar levels fall to dangerously low levels.
Couple pleads guilty in toxic pet food case
Tue, 16 Jun 2009 23:54:12 -0000
A Las Vegas-based company and its owners have pleaded guilty to distributing a tainted ingredient used to make pet food that killed potentially thousands of animals.
Danger in the yard: Toxic plants pose pet threat
Wed, 10 Jun 2009 12:55:23 -0000
Some of the most common, and beautiful, ornamental plants can be deadly for pets. Among the most dangerous are azaleas, rhododendron, oleander, foxglove and lily of the valley.
10 of the most toxic plants to pets
Tue, 09 Jun 2009 23:18:35 -0000
The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals has identified these varieties of plants as among the most toxic to pets.
FDA approves cancer drug for dogs
Wed, 03 Jun 2009 15:18:05 -0000
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the first drug made specifically to treat cancer in dogs.
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Meta Description: [ A series of events for amphibian enthusiasts from around
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